Funda malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu ezisetyenziswa kwishishini leoli kunye negesi kunye nomahluko wazo: I-API kunye nesango le-ASME, iglowubhu, itshekhi, ibhola, kunye noyilo lwebhabhathane (okwenziwa ngesandla okanye okuqhutywayo, kunye nemizimba eyenziweyo kunye nejukujelwa). Ngamafutshane, iivalvu zizixhobo zomatshini ezisetyenziswa kwimibhobho yokulawula, ukulawula nokuvula/ukuvala ukuhamba noxinzelelo lolwelo. Iivalve ezibunjiweyo zisetyenziselwa ukubhobhoza okuncinci okanye usetyenziso lwemibhobho yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, iivalve eziphoswe ngemibhobho engaphezu kwee-intshi ezi-2.
YINTONI Ivalve?
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeevalvu ezisetyenziswa kushishino lwepetrochemical zilungele naziphi na ezi zicelo zilandelayo:
1. Qala/yekisa ukuhamba kolwelo (i-hydrocarbons, i-oyile negesi, umphunga, amanzi, iiasidi) ngombhobho (umzekelo: ivalve yesango, ivalve yebhola, ivalve yebhabhathane, ivelufa yesango lemela, okanye ivalve yeplagi)
2. Lungisa ukuhamba kolwelo ngombhobho (umzekelo: ivalve yeglowubhu)
3. Lawula ukuhamba kolwelo (ivalve yokulawula)
4. Guqula icala lendlela yokuhamba (umzekelo ivalve yebhola eneendlela ezi-3)
5. Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwenkqubo (ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo)
6. Khusela isixokelelwano semibhobho okanye isixhobo (impompo, injini, itanki) kuxinzelelo olugqithisileyo (ukhuseleko okanye ukuthomalalisa uxinzelelo) okanye kuxinzelelo lwangasemva (ivalve yokukhangela)
7. Isihluzo sobutyobo esihamba ngombhobho, ukukhusela izixhobo ezinokonakaliswa ngamalungu aqinileyo (y kunye nezihluzi zebhasikithi)
Ivalve yenziwa ngokudityaniswa kwamalungu omatshini amaninzi, awona abalulekileyo ngumzimba (iqokobhe langaphandle), isicu (intlanganisela yamalungu amanzi anokuthathelwa indawo), isiqu, ibhonethi, kunye nesixhobo sokusebenza (isixhobo sokusebenza ngesandla, igiya okanye i actuator).
Iivalvu ezinobungakanani obuncinci (ngokubanzi i-intshi ezi-2) okanye ezifuna ukuchasana okuphezulu kuxinzelelo kunye nobushushu zenziwe ngemizimba yentsimbi eyenziweyo; iivalvu zorhwebo ngaphezu kwe-intshi ezi-2 ububanzi zibonisa izinto eziphosiweyo zomzimba.
I-VALVE NGOYILO
● IGALI YESANGO: Olu hlobo lolona lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwimibhobho nemibhobho yosetyenziso. Iivalvu zesango zizixhobo ezishukumayo ezinomgca ezisetyenziswa zivule kwaye zivale ukuhamba kolwelo (ivalve yokuvala). Iivalvu zesango azinakusetyenziselwa ukufakwa kwe-throttling, okt ukulawula ukuhamba kolwelo (iglowubhu okanye iivalvu zebhola kufuneka zisetyenziswe kule meko). Ivalve yesango, ke ngoko, ivulwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ivalwe (ngamavili ezandla, iigiya okanye umbane, i-pneumatic ne-hydraulic actuators)
● Ivalve yeglowubhu: Olu hlobo lwesivalo lusetyenziselwa ukuthontsiza (ukulawula) ukuhamba kolwelo. Iivalve zeglobhu zinokuvala ukuhamba, kodwa kulo msebenzi, iivalve zesango ziyakhethwa. Ivalve yeglowubhu idala ukuhla koxinzelelo kumbhobho, njengoko ulwelo kufuneka ludlule kwipaseji engekho mgca.
● HLOLA IVALUVU: olu hlobo lwesivalo lusetyenziselwa ukunqanda ukuphuma ngasemva kwinkqubo yemibhobho okanye umbhobho onokonakalisa izixhobo ezisezantsi njengeempompo, iicompressors, njl.njl. Xa ulwelo lunoxinzelelo olwaneleyo, luvula ivalve; xa ibuya (i-reverse flow) kwixinzelelo loyilo, ivala i-valve - ukuthintela ukuhamba okungafunekiyo.
● I-VALVE YEBHOLA: Ivalve yeBhola yivalve yekota esetyenziselwa ukuvala. Ivalve ivula kwaye ivale ukuhamba kolwelo ngebhola eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ejikeleza ngaphakathi kumzimba wevalvu. Iivalvu zebhola zisemgangathweni weshishini kwizicelo ezivaliweyo kwaye zikhaphukhaphu kwaye zixinene ngakumbi kuneevalvu zesango, ezisebenza ngeenjongo ezifanayo. Uyilo olubini oluphambili ludada kunye ne-trunnion (icala okanye ukungena okuphezulu)
● Ivalve yebhabhathane: Le yivalve eguquguqukayo, eyongayo, yokumodareyitha okanye ukuvula/ukuvala ukuhamba kolwelo. Iivalvu zebhabhathane ziyafumaneka kuyilo olugxininisekileyo okanye olungaphakathi (kabini/kathathu), zinemilo ehlangeneyo kwaye ziya zikhuphisana ngakumbi nangakumbi.
● I-PINCH VALVE: Olu luhlobo lwevalve eshukumayo engqameneyo engasetyenziselwa ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokuvala ukucima kwi-applications yemibhobho ephatha izinto eziqinileyo, i-slurries kunye nolwelo oluxineneyo. Ivalve yepinki inetyhubhu yokucofa ukulawula ukuhamba.
● I-PLUG VALVE: I-valve yeplagi ihlelwa njenge-valve yekota yokuvula izicelo zokuvala. Iivalvu zokuqala zeplagi zaziswa ngamaRoma ukulawula imibhobho yamanzi.
● Ivalve yokhuseleko: Ivalve yokhuseleko isetyenziselwa ukukhusela ilungiselelo lemibhobho kuxinzelelo oluyingozi olunokubeka ubomi bomntu okanye ezinye izinto esichengeni. Ngokusisiseko, ivalve yokhuseleko ikhupha uxinzelelo njengoko ixabiso elibekiweyo ligqithiswa.
● I-VALVE YOLAWULO: ezi ziivalve zokuzenzela iinkqubo zepetrochemical ezintsonkothileyo.
● I-Y-STRAINERS: ngelixa i-valve ingekho ngokufanelekileyo, i-Y-strainers inomsebenzi obalulekileyo wokucoca inkunkuma kunye nokukhusela izixhobo ezisezantsi ezinokuthi zonakaliswe ngenye indlela.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-26-2019